SPRINGFIELD — The annual process of negotiating the state budget kicked off Wednesday with Gov. J.B. Pritzker proposing a $52.7 billion spending plan that includes hundreds of millions of dollars in new spending and tax increases, particularly for businesses.The governor’s proposal to generate more than $1 billion in revenue through tax code changes — which would affect the state’s road fund, tax rates for retailers and funding to local governments — drew criticisms from industry groups such …